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svar"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"svar 5\nsvar 4"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"programming-exercise","properties":{"name":"Medeltal","tmcname":"osa04-10_medeltal"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Skapa funktionen "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"medeltal"}]},{"type":"text","value":" som returnerar medelvärdet av värdena i en lista bestående av heltal som getts som argument till funktionen."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"lista "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" 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svar"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"svar 3.0"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"programming-exercise","properties":{"name":"Variationsbredd","tmcname":"osa04-11_variationsbredd"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Skapa funktionen "},{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"variationsbredd"}]},{"type":"text","value":" som returnerar differensen av det största och minsta värdet i en lista av heltal som getts som argument till funktionen."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"python"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-python"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"lista "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" 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variationsbredd"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"lista"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"print"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\"svar\""}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" svar"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"sample-output","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"svar 4"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"mer-om-att-behandla-listor","style":"position:relative;"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Mer om att behandla listor"},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"#mer-om-att-behandla-listor","ariaLabel":"mer om att behandla listor permalink","className":["anchor","after"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"svg","properties":{"ariaHidden":"true","focusable":"false","height":"16","version":"1.1","viewBox":"0 0 16 16","width":"16"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"path","properties":{"fillRule":"evenodd","d":"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"},"children":[]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Det finns flera sätt till att använda listor i Python. Om du vill läsa mera är "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#more-on-lists","target":"_blank","rel":["noopener","noreferrer"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Pythons dokumentation"}]},{"type":"text","value":" ett bra ställe att börja med."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"quiz","properties":{"id":"fe584e7d-e5bc-5f89-a365-b6cd8ac2b6d6"},"children":[]}]}]},"html":"<div><text-box variant='learningObjectives' name='Lärandemål'><p>Efter den här delen</p><ul>\n<li>vet du vad listor i Python är</li>\n<li>vet du hur du kommer åt ett visst element i en lista</li>\n<li>kan du lägga till och ta bort element ur en lista</li>\n<li>känner du till inbyggda funktioner och metoder för listor.</li>\n</ul></text-box><p>Hittills har vi lagrat data med hjälp av enkla variabler i våra program, så att varje värde har lagrats i en egen variabel. Det här har sina begränsningar – det kan bli arbetsdrygt att tilldela variabler för allt då det finns mycket data att behandla.</p><p>I Python är en lista en samling av värden som finns lagrade under samma variabelnamn. Listans värden kallas element och skrivs innanför hakparenteser.</p><p>Följande instruktion skapar en ny tom lista…</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></code></pre></div><p>…medan det här instruktionen skapar en lista med fem element:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></code></pre></div><h2 id=\"komma-at-element-i-en-lista\" style=\"position:relative;\">Komma åt element i en lista<a href=\"#komma-at-element-i-en-lista\" aria-label=\"komma at element i en lista permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Elementen i en lista är indexerade på samma sätt som tecken i en sträng. Indexeringen börjar från noll och det sista indexet är listans längd minus ett:</p><span class=\"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\" style=\"position: relative; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 581px; margin-bottom: 1rem;\">\n      <a class=\"gatsby-resp-image-link\" href=\"/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/92d15/4_2_1.png\" style=\"display: block\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n    <span class=\"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\" style=\"padding-bottom: 26.08695652173913%; position: relative; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAABQAAAAFCAYAAABFA8wzAAAACXBIWXMAAAsSAAALEgHS3X78AAAAuElEQVQY032QWQqEQBBD+/7X8SyCggv6Jy6475rhFSjMfExDkUoqnV6cJA3DoKqqtG2b9eCyLFb0+75rXdeX/1vuvu8vAU7AeZ7WU9d1WbHAR3s8x3G8Hvd7AoamaTSOo23AzAHcDA6iPa8gZJ5n4+x1DPu+twCQ4vmY6EFmXddpmqaX0/MNfFHbthbs+74cIgHcqq5rlWWpJEmUZZnCMFSapoqiSEEQmE7FcWyY57nNCCqKQp7n6QPgCoGcLj0znwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=='); background-size: cover; display: block;\"></span>\n  <picture>\n          <source srcset=\"/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/a0b58/4_2_1.webp 230w,\n/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/bc10c/4_2_1.webp 460w,\n/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/39daa/4_2_1.webp 581w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" type=\"image/webp\">\n          <source srcset=\"/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/81c8e/4_2_1.png 230w,\n/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/08a84/4_2_1.png 460w,\n/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/92d15/4_2_1.png 581w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" type=\"image/png\">\n          <img class=\"gatsby-resp-image-image\" src=\"/static/cfea0276df6deb4e5dd7f97ef7d30e0e/92d15/4_2_1.png\" alt=\"Lista indeksoidaan nollasta alkaen\" title=\"Lista indeksoidaan nollasta alkaen\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;vertical-align:middle;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;\">\n        </picture>\n  </a>\n    </span><p>Vi kommer åt ett givet element i listan på samma sätt som för ett specifikt tecken i en sträng, det vill säga med hakparenteser:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Summan av de två första:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>7\n2\n5\nSumman av de två första: 9</p></sample-output><p>Vi kan också enkelt skriva ut hela listans innehåll:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[7, 2, 2, 5, 2]</p></sample-output><p>Till skillnad från strängar är listor föränderliga, vilket betyder att deras innehåll kan ändra. Vi kan inte byta ut ett tecken i en sträng till en annan, men vi kan tilldela ett nytt värde till ett element i en lista. Vi gör det på samma sätt som vi kan tilldela ett nytt värde till en variabel:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[7, 2, 2, 5, 2]\n[7, 3, 2, 5, 2]</p></sample-output><p>Funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">len</code> returnerar antalet element i en lista:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>5</p></sample-output><programming-exercise name='Ändra på elementens värden' tmcname='osa04-07a_andra_varden'><p>Skapa ett program som initierar en lista med värdena <code class=\"language-text\">[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]</code>. Programmet ber därefter användaren ange ett index och ett nytt värde som programmet ska lagra på den positionen, varefter listan skrivs ut på nytt. Programmet avslutas då använder anger -1 som index.</p><p>Exempel:</p><sample-output><p>Ange index: <strong>0</strong>\nAnge värde: <strong>10</strong>\n[10, 2, 3, 4, 5]\nAnge index: <strong>2</strong>\nAnge värde: <strong>250</strong>\n[10, 2, 250, 4, 5]\nAnge index: <strong>4</strong>\nAnge värde: <strong>-45</strong>\n[10, 2, 250, 4, -45]\nAnge index: <strong>-1</strong></p></sample-output><p>Obs! Placera inte kod i <code class=\"language-text\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"</code> -blocket i någon av dessa uppgifter, om du inte ombeds göra det.</p></programming-exercise><h2 id=\"lagga-till-element-i-en-lista\" style=\"position:relative;\">Lägga till element i en lista<a href=\"#lagga-till-element-i-en-lista\" aria-label=\"lagga till element i en lista permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Metoden <code class=\"language-text\">append</code> lägger till element i slutet av en lista. Metoden fungerar så här:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">siffror <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[5, 10, 3]</p></sample-output><p>Följande exempel använder sig av två listor:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">siffror <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nskonummer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nsiffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nskonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">37</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nskonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">44</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nskonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">40</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nskonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">28</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Siffror:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Skonummer:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>skonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>Elementet läggs till i slutet av den lista som metoden anropas på:</p><sample-output><p>Siffror:\n[5, 10, 3]\nSkonummer:\n[37, 44, 40, 28]</p></sample-output><programming-exercise name='Lägg till element i en lista' tmcname='osa04-07b_nya_element'><p>Skapa ett program som ber användaren att först mata in ett antal och därefter att mata in så många tal. Talen som matas in ska läggas till i en lista i den givna ordningen.</p><p>Listan ska till slut skrivas ut:</p><sample-output><p>Hur många siffror: <strong>3</strong>\nGe siffra 1: <strong>10</strong>\nGe siffra 2: <strong>250</strong>\nGe siffra 3: <strong>34</strong>\n[10, 250, 34]</p></sample-output><p>Obs! Placera inte kod i <code class=\"language-text\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"</code> -blocket i någon av dessa uppgifter, om du inte ombeds göra det.</p></programming-exercise><h2 id=\"lagga-till-ett-element-pa-ett-specifikt-stalle\" style=\"position:relative;\">Lägga till ett element på ett specifikt ställe<a href=\"#lagga-till-ett-element-pa-ett-specifikt-stalle\" aria-label=\"lagga till ett element pa ett specifikt stalle permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Om du vill specificera på vilket ställe i en lista ett värde ska läggas till, kan du använda <code class=\"language-text\">insert</code>-metoden. Metoden lägger till ett element på ett specifikt index. Alla element vid det här eller senare index flyttar ett index framåt, \"mot höger\":</p><span class=\"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\" style=\"position: relative; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 632px; margin-bottom: 1rem;\">\n      <a class=\"gatsby-resp-image-link\" href=\"/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/084e2/4_2_2.png\" style=\"display: block\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n    <span class=\"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\" style=\"padding-bottom: 65.21739130434783%; position: relative; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: url('data:image/png;base64,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'); background-size: cover; display: block;\"></span>\n  <picture>\n          <source srcset=\"/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/a0b58/4_2_2.webp 230w,\n/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/bc10c/4_2_2.webp 460w,\n/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/59680/4_2_2.webp 632w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" type=\"image/webp\">\n          <source srcset=\"/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/81c8e/4_2_2.png 230w,\n/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/08a84/4_2_2.png 460w,\n/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/084e2/4_2_2.png 632w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" type=\"image/png\">\n          <img class=\"gatsby-resp-image-image\" src=\"/static/6bc807508a898afcc180481b54c507a4/084e2/4_2_2.png\" alt=\"Alkion lisäys listaan\" title=\"Alkion lisäys listaan\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;vertical-align:middle;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;\">\n        </picture>\n  </a>\n    </span><p>Till exempel skriver det här programmet…</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">tal <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\ntal<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>insert<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tal<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\ntal<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>insert<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tal<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>… ut följande:</p><sample-output><p>[10, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n[10, 1, 20, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]</p></sample-output><h2 id=\"ta-bort-element-fran-en-lista\" style=\"position:relative;\">Ta bort element från en lista<a href=\"#ta-bort-element-fran-en-lista\" aria-label=\"ta bort element fran en lista permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Det finns två sätt för att ta bort ett element från en lista:</p><ul>\n<li>om man vet indexet för elementet kan man använda <code class=\"language-text\">pop</code>-metoden</li>\n<li>om man vet innehållet i elementet kan man använda <code class=\"language-text\">remove</code>-metoden.</li>\n</ul><p><code class=\"language-text\">pop</code>-metoden tar indexet för det element som ska avlägsnas som argument. Följande program tar därmed bort elementen på indexen 2 och 3 i listan. När element avlägsnas inifrån en lista ändras naturligt nog indexen för de resterande elementen:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[1, 2, 4, 5, 6]\n[1, 2, 4, 6]</p></sample-output><p>Det är bra att minnas att <code class=\"language-text\">pop</code>-metoden också returnerar det avlägsnade elementet:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nsiffra <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>pop<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffra<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>7\n[4, 2, 2, 5]</p></sample-output><p>Till skillnad från <code class=\"language-text\">pop</code> tar <code class=\"language-text\">remove</code>-metoden värdet för det element som ska avlägsnas som argument. Till exempel följande program…</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>remove<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>remove<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>…skriver ut detta:</p><sample-output><p>[1, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n[1, 3, 4, 6]</p></sample-output><p>Metoden tar bort det första värdet som motsvarar det givna argumentet från listan – på samma sätt som funktionen find hos strängar returnerar den första delsträngen:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>remove<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>remove<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[2, 1, 2]\n[2, 2]</p></sample-output><programming-exercise name='Lägg till, ta bort' tmcname='osa04-07c_lagg_till_ta_bort'><p>Skapa ett program som låter användaren lägga till eller avlägsna ett element i en lista. Varje tillägg/borttagning görs i slutet av listan. När ett element läggs till är dess värde alltid ett större än det föregående värdet (1 om inga element finns i listan).</p><p>Listans innehåll skrivs ut mellan varje tillägg eller borttagning. Här följer ett exempel:</p><sample-output><p>Listan är nu []\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>l</strong>\nListan är nu [1]\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>l</strong>\nListan är nu [1, 2]\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>l</strong>\nListan är nu [1, 2, 3]\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>a</strong>\nListan är nu [1, 2]\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>l</strong>\nListan är nu [1, 2, 3]\n(l)ägg till, (a)vlägsna eller a(v)sluta: <strong>v</strong>\nHejdå!</p></sample-output><p>Du kan anta att man inte försöker avlägsna element då listan är tom.</p><p>Obs! Placera inte kod i <code class=\"language-text\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"</code> -blocket i någon av dessa uppgifter, om du inte ombeds göra det.</p></programming-exercise><p>Om det givna elementet inte hittas i listan, kommer remove-metoden att ge ett fel. På samma sätt som med strängar kan vi kolla om ett element finns i en lista med hjälp av <code class=\"language-text\">in</code>-operatorn:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Listan innehåller värdet 1\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Listan innehåller värdet 2\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>Listan innehåller värdet 1</p></sample-output><programming-exercise name='Samma ord två gånger' tmcname='osa04-08_samma_tva_ganger'><p>Skapa ett program som ber användaren mata in ord. När användaren anger ett ord som hen matat in tidigare, avslutas programmet och antalet ord skrivs ut.</p><sample-output><p>ord: <strong>det</strong>\nord: <strong>var</strong>\nord: <strong>en</strong>\nord: <strong>gång</strong>\nord: <strong>en</strong>\nDu gav 4 olika ord</p></sample-output><p>Obs! Placera inte kod i <code class=\"language-text\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"</code> -blocket i någon av dessa uppgifter, om du inte ombeds göra det.</p></programming-exercise><h2 id=\"ordna-listor\" style=\"position:relative;\">Ordna listor<a href=\"#ordna-listor\" aria-label=\"ordna listor permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Elementen i en lista kan ordnas från minsta till största med metoden <code class=\"language-text\">sort</code>.</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sort<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[1, 2, 2, 4, 5]</p></sample-output><p>Notera att den här metoden modifierar själva listan \"in-place\". Vi vill dock inte alltid ändra på den ursprungliga listan, och då kan vi istället använda funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">sorted</code>. Den returnerar en sorterad lista:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">sorted</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[1, 2, 2, 4, 5]</p></sample-output><p>Kom ihåg skillnaden mellan dessa: <code class=\"language-text\">sort</code> ändrar på ordningen i den ursprungliga listan medan <code class=\"language-text\">sorted</code> skapar en ny, sorterad kopia av listan. Med <code class=\"language-text\">sorted</code> kan vi därmed behålla den ursprungliga listan med dess ursprungliga ordning:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">ursprunglig <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nordnad <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">sorted</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ursprunglig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ursprunglig<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ordnad<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>[2, 5, 1, 2, 4]\n[1, 2, 2, 4, 5]</p></sample-output><programming-exercise name='En lista, två varianter' tmcname='osa04-08b_en_lista_tva_varianter'><p>Skapa ett program som ber användaren mata in tal, som läggs till i en lista. Efter varje tillägg skrivs listan ut på två sätt:</p><ul>\n<li>elementen i den ordning de lagts till</li>\n<li>elementen i storleksordning från det minsta till det största</li>\n</ul><p>Programmet avslutas då användaren anger siffran 0.</p><p>Exempel:</p><sample-output><p>Ange siffra: <strong>3</strong>\nLista: [3]\nOrdnat: [3]\nAnge siffra: <strong>1</strong>\nLista: [3, 1]\nOrdnat: [1, 3]\nAnge siffra: <strong>9</strong>\nLista: [3, 1, 9]\nOrdnat: [1, 3, 9]\nAnge siffra: <strong>5</strong>\nLista: [3, 1, 9, 5]\nOrdnat: [1, 3, 5, 9]\nAnge siffra: <strong>0</strong>\nHejdå!</p></sample-output><p>Obs! Placera inte kod i <code class=\"language-text\">if __name__ == \"__main__\"</code> -blocket i någon av dessa uppgifter, om du inte ombeds göra det.</p></programming-exercise><h2 id=\"maximi--och-minimivarde-samt-summa\" style=\"position:relative;\">Maximi- och minimivärde samt summa<a href=\"#maximi--och-minimivarde-samt-summa\" aria-label=\"maximi  och minimivarde samt summa permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Funktionerna <code class=\"language-text\">max</code> och <code class=\"language-text\">min</code> returnerar det största respektive minsta värdet i en lista. Funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">sum</code> returnerar summan av listans värden.</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\nstorst <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nminst <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">min</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nsumma <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">sum</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Minst:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> minst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Störst:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> storst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Summa:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> summa<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>Minst: 1\nStörst: 5\nSumma: 15</p></sample-output><h2 id=\"metoder-och-funktioner\" style=\"position:relative;\">Metoder och funktioner<a href=\"#metoder-och-funktioner\" aria-label=\"metoder och funktioner permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Det finns två sätt att behandla listor i Python, och det här kan ibland förorsaka huvudbry. Allt som oftast kommer du att använda metoder hos listor – till exempel <code class=\"language-text\">append</code> och <code class=\"language-text\">sort</code>. De används med punktoperatorn:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># metodanrop</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># metodanrop</span>\nlista<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>sort<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>En del funktioner kan ta listor som argument, hit hör till exempel de nyss presenterade funktionerna <code class=\"language-text\">max</code>, <code class=\"language-text\">min</code>, <code class=\"language-text\">len</code> och <code class=\"language-text\">sorted</code>:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># funktionsanrop, lista som argument</span>\nstorst <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nminst <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">min</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlangd <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Minst:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> minst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Störst:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> storst<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Listans längd:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> langd<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># funktionsanrop, lista som argument, ordnad lista returneras</span>\nsorterad <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">sorted</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sorterad<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>Minst: 1\nStörst: 7\nListans längd: 4\n[1, 2, 3, 7]</p></sample-output><h2 id=\"lista-som-argument-eller-returvarde\" style=\"position:relative;\">Lista som argument eller returvärde<a href=\"#lista-som-argument-eller-returvarde\" aria-label=\"lista som argument eller returvarde permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Precis som för de inbyggda funktionerna ovan kan också våra egna funktioner både ta listor som argument och returnera listor som resultat. Följande funktion tar reda på det mellersta – median – värdet i en sorterad lista:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\"><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">median</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">list</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    ordnad <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">sorted</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    mellersta <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ordnad<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">//</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> ordnad<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mellersta<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></code></pre></div><p>Funktionen skapar en sorterad version av listan som gavs som argument och returnerar det mittersta elementet. Lägg märke till att vi här använder heltalsdivisionsoperatorn <code class=\"language-text\">//</code>. Indexet i en lista måste vara ett heltal.</p><p>Funktionen fungerar på följande sätt:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">skonummer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">45</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">44</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">36</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">39</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">40</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Skonumrens median är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> median<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>skonummer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\naldrar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">56</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">34</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">22</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">77</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Medianåldern är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> median<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>aldrar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>Skonumrens median är 40\nMedianåldern är 22</p></sample-output><p>En funktion kan också returnera en lista. Följande funktion ber användaren mata in ett heltal, som sedan returneras som en lista:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\"><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token function\">las_in_siffror</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    siffror <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        indata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">input</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Ge siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): \"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span>\n        siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">int</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> siffror</code></pre></div><p>Funktionen använder sig av hjälpvariabeln <code class=\"language-text\">siffror</code>, som är en lista. Alla siffror som användaren matar in läggs till i listan. När loopen avslutas returnerar funktionen listan (satsen <code class=\"language-text\">return siffror</code>).</p><p>När funktionen anropas så här…</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">siffror <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> las_in_siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Största siffran är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Medianvärdet är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> median<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>…kan utskriften se ut på följande sätt:</p><sample-output><p>Ge siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): <strong>5</strong>\nGe siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): <strong>-22</strong>\nGe siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): <strong>4</strong>\nGe siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): <strong>35</strong>\nGe siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): <strong>1</strong>\nGe siffra (tomt avslutar programmet):\nStörsta siffran är 35\nMedianvärdet är 4</p></sample-output><p>Det här lilla exemplet demonstrerar ett av de viktigaste användningsområdena för funktioner: de hjälper dig att dela upp din kod i mindre helheter som är enkla att förstå.</p><p>Samma funktionalitet kan förstås åstadkommas utan några som helst egna funktioner:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">siffror <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">True</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    indata <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">input</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Ge siffra (tomt avslutar programmet): \"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span>\n    siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>append<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">int</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>indata<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nordnad <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">sorted</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nmellersta <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ordnad<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">//</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\nmedian <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ordnad<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mellersta<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Största siffran är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token builtin\">max</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Medianvärdet är\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> median<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><p>Det kan vara svårare att komma åt logiken i den här versionen av programmet, eftersom det inte är enkelt att se vilka instruktioner som hör till vilken funktionalitet. Koden uppnår samma mål – ta emot data, beräkna medianvärde o.s.v. – men strukturen är mycket mindre tydlig.</p><p>Att dela upp din kod i flera funktioner kommer att förbättra läsbarheten och hjälper dig uppfatta logiska helheter. Det här är till nytta när du ska verifiera att programmet fungerar som det ska, eftersom varje funktion kan testas separat.</p><p>En annan viktig orsak till att använda funktioner är återanvändbarhet. Om du behöver samma funktionalitet på flera ställen i ditt program är det en bra idé att skapa en funktion och namnge den väl:</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\"><span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Skonummer:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nskor <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> las_in_siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Vikter:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nvikter <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> las_in_siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"Längder:\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nlangder <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> las_in_siffror<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><programming-exercise name='Listans längd' tmcname='osa04-09_listans_langd'><p>Skapa funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">langd</code> som returnerar längden på den lista som getts som argument.</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nsvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> langd<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"svar\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> svar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\"># observera att du också kan anropa funktionen genom att direkt ge en lista som argument till funktionen</span>\nsvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> langd<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"svar\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> svar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>svar 5\nsvar 4</p></sample-output></programming-exercise><programming-exercise name='Medeltal' tmcname='osa04-10_medeltal'><p>Skapa funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">medeltal</code> som returnerar medelvärdet av värdena i en lista bestående av heltal som getts som argument till funktionen.</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nsvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> medeltal<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"svar\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> svar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>svar 3.0</p></sample-output></programming-exercise><programming-exercise name='Variationsbredd' tmcname='osa04-11_variationsbredd'><p>Skapa funktionen <code class=\"language-text\">variationsbredd</code> som returnerar differensen av det största och minsta värdet i en lista av heltal som getts som argument till funktionen.</p><div class=\"gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"python\"><pre class=\"language-python\"><code class=\"language-python\">lista <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\nsvar <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> variationsbredd<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>lista<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"svar\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> svar<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></code></pre></div><sample-output><p>svar 4</p></sample-output></programming-exercise><h2 id=\"mer-om-att-behandla-listor\" style=\"position:relative;\">Mer om att behandla listor<a href=\"#mer-om-att-behandla-listor\" aria-label=\"mer om att behandla listor permalink\" class=\"anchor after\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" version=\"1.1\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" width=\"16\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z\"></path></svg></a></h2><p>Det finns flera sätt till att använda listor i Python. Om du vill läsa mera är <a href=\"https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#more-on-lists\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pythons dokumentation</a> ett bra ställe att börja med.</p><div><quiz id=\"fe584e7d-e5bc-5f89-a365-b6cd8ac2b6d6\"></quiz></div></div>","frontmatter":{"path":"/osa-4/3-listor","title":"Listor"},"fileAbsolutePath":"/home/runner/work/ohjelmointi-26-sv/ohjelmointi-26-sv/data/osa-4/3-listor.md"},"allPages":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"3823106d-d5b4-54fc-ab67-c9717c628c00","frontmatter":{"path":"/","title":"Info om kursen"}}},{"node":{"id":"dd7e5652-0011-5cc2-8a7c-c07fca8a56ba","frontmatter":{"path":"/bedomningar-och-prov","title":"Bedömning och prov"}}},{"node":{"id":"7ee945da-eb70-5822-b337-58f9871c566a","frontmatter":{"path":"/alla-uppgifter","title":"Alla 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